Collection Occupational hygiene, Issue 29, 1993 year

Occupational health and sickness issues for builders

I. E. Factorov, O. V. Chebanova, P. N. Witte, G. N. Laschuk, M. A. Ershova, M. P. Belemets

doi

Institute of Occupational Medicine, Kiev

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A number of works are devoted to the study of the working conditions and morbidity with temporary disability (TDI) of builders. The authors unanimously come to the conclusion that the working conditions of builders require radical improvement [1-5, 8]. The International Labor Organization (ILO) has paid much attention to the problem of labor protection in construction throughout its existence. In May 1964, an official ILO resolution was adopted, which required the development of a special code on labor protection in construction. In 1970, the code was developed, discussed with construction organizations and adopted for implementation in practice. Materials supplementing, explaining and illustrating the main articles of this code have been published by the governing bodies of the ILO in the form of a monograph [9].

Our research was devoted to the study of the conditions, the severity and intensity of labor, the state of the physiological functions of the Body, the ZVUT of workers of five construction trades (assemblers, operators of tower cranes, bricklayers, plasterers, masters) in order to draw up sanitary and hygienic characteristics | and to the labor of builders and establishing the compliance of its conditions with sanitary and hygienic standards and rules.

Conducted multiple correlation-regression analysis revealed a clear relationship between indicators of disease; the availability and state of working conditions, the severity and intensity of the labor process. According to the value of the paired correlation coefficients, there is a connection between morbidity and such factors of the severity and intensity of labor in tower crane installers as the power of external work, static load, forced working posture, a large number of inclinations, and the duration of repetitive operations.

Among the harmful production factors, a significant influence on the incidence of installers is exerted by the lowered air temperature during the cold season, its increased humidity and speed of movement, infrared radiation, noise and vibration.

The studies carried out made it possible to come to the conclusion that, in accordance with the "Hygienic classification of labor" No. 4137-86 M3 of the USSR, the labor of tower crane installers can be attributed to the III class in terms of severity and tension - harmful and dangerous.

A number of measures have been proposed aimed at improving working conditions, introducing a rational regime of work and rest, organizing meals, improving medical and sanitary services for builders, and reducing the level of morbidity.

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