Collection Occupational hygiene, Issue 30, 1999 year

Standards of medical technologies in occupational pathology

Nagorna A.M., Krasnyuk O.P., Lubyanova I.P., Stepanenko A.V., Kornuta N.O., Rosinska L.M.

doi

Ukrainian Institute of Public Health, Kyiv

Institute of Occupational Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv

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Analyzing the statistics of previous years, it should be noted that from 1989 to 1994, there was an increase in occupational morbidity from 1.18 to 6.71 per 10,000 workers. In subsequent years and until now, there has been a decrease in the number of victims at the expense of certain regions, in particular, Luhansk, Donetsk, Lviv. Probably, the formation of such a situation is influenced by the decline in industrial production, the unsatisfactory state of occupational pathology in some regions, and so on. Statistics show that the greatest risk of developing occupational pathology exists in the mining industry (coal, metallurgy, including iron ore), which is due to a set of adverse factors (dust, noise, vibration, etc.) in underground mining. One of the main forms of occupational pathology is diseases associated with inhalation of dust (pneumoconiosis, chronic bronchitis). Their share in the structure of occupational pathology in 1997 was 53.4% ​​(26.5% - pneumoconiosis, 26.9% - bronchitis). A significant proportion of forms combined with tuberculosis (3.3%) attracts attention. Vibration-noise pathology ranks second and in 1997 accounted for 11.6% of all occupational pathology. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system take third place. Occupational pathology of chemical genesis averages 2-4%. In 1997, as a part of "chemical" forms of pathology, 23.6% were chemical bronchitis, trinitrotoluene cataract and profdermatosis [1].

The developed standards of medical technologies in occupational psychology are components of a single technological process, using the most effective and cost-effective methods of diagnosis and treatment, taking into account modern techniques, individual characteristics of the patient, disease, and material, personnel and other capabilities of the medical institution. The importance of the introduction of medical standards is growing in the context of the formation of the market of medical services and changes in ownership in the new conditions of economic development of Ukraine. Medical standards serve as a tool for departmental, non-departmental and independent control of the necessary types, volumes and quality of treatment and prevention care, as the concept of quality of medical care involves the comparison of actual and standard parameters.

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