Collection Occupational hygiene, Issue 28, 1992 year
The prevalence of vibration-noise pathology among miners of Donbass
D. O. Lastkov, M. A. Nekhorosheva, A. V. Kolganov, F. Kh. Zinger, A. I. Soloviev, S. Ya. Ryabko, S. F. Vetrov, A. I. Vasiliev, Yu. P. Zalmaev, V. A. Melnichuk, N. F. Butrim
doi
Donetsk Scientific Center for Occupational Hygiene and Injury Prevention,
Donetsk Regional SES, Enakievskaya, Makeevskaya,
Krasnoarmeyskaya, Selidovskaya city SES
The data of an in-depth survey of coal miners indicate that vibration pathology and cochlear neuritis occur much more often than they are detected during periodic medical examinations [2, 4]. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that 90% of miners with vibration and noise hazardous professions reveal pathological changes in the functional state of the vestibular analyzer, which increases the risk of injury, especially when working on steeply dipping seams. To develop and implement an effective system for the prevention of vibration and noise pathology, it is necessary to know its prevalence among miners. The lack of accurate information does not allow to adequately assess the effectiveness of ongoing and planned preventive measures, to justify the allocation of high-risk groups.
The aim of the work was to study the prevalence of vibration-noise pathology among coal miners on the basis of a retrospective analysis of occupational diseases and materials of in-depth examinations of miners. The data obtained were used to categorize the main underground workplaces according to the degree of their vibration and noise hazard using the dosage approach.
Integral indicators - the equivalent noise level and the equivalent corrected level of vibration acceleration at each workplace - serve as criteria for the risk of development of noise and vibration occupational pathology. The main indicators determining, according to the developed algorithm, the assignment of a particular workplace to the corresponding category of noise or vibration hazard, are: specific professional affiliation of a miner; mining machinery used (driven) by a miner; "Machine" time typical for a given workplace during a shift; the form of labor organization, which determines the frequency of performance by each miner of noise and vibration hazardous technological operations, etc.
The developed categorization of workplaces according to the degree of danger (risk) of the development of occupational pathology will optimize the organization of periodic medical examinations.
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