Collection Occupational hygiene, Issue 25, 1989 year

The problem of the influence of chemical factors of the working environment on cardiovascular morbidity

I.M. Trakhtenberg, I. E. Factorov

doi

Kiev Research Institute of Occupational Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

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Most researchers are unanimous that the lifestyle of people and associated risk factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The data of our previous publications | 1, 4], materials of other authors indicate that chemical environmental pollutants (often in combination with other agents - physical, biological, etc.) undoubtedly belong to the risk factors contributing to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and aggravating their course. Meanwhile, the role of chemical pollutants in the environment and production environment is currently clearly underestimated.

Previous studies practically did not provide for clarification of the role of working conditions in the occurrence of cardiovascular pathology. And even during the implementation of the “Heart Disease Prevention Project - Controlled Industrial Research” program, carried out in 4 European countries (18,210 men aged 40-59, working in 24 factories were examined), only “traditional” risk factors for coronary heart disease were studied. ... It seems obvious that it is necessary to include in such programs questions about the role of environmental and work environment factors, in particular chemical pollutants, in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. This fully applies to those classifications that are recommended to be used in the implementation of these programs.

Some chemical agents with a pronounced selective affinity for blood vessels (carbon disulfide, lead, fluorides) can be considered as substances that contribute to the development of an atherogenic effect. Some pesticides, such as DDT and sevin, can also be attributed to such agents, since it was experimentally established that in rabbits that were injected with cholesterol in combination with DDT and especially with sevin, intimal lipoidosis was more intense than with the introduction of cholesterol alone.

Thus, it seems advisable to further expand and deepen the research devoted to elucidating the etiological role of exogenous chemical factors in the development of cardiovascular pathology. The ultimate goal of these studies is to develop a set of effective primary prevention measures. The solution to this specific problem is envisaged by the All-Union Scientific and Technical Program for the Promotion of Health and the Prevention of Diseases of the Population for 1986-1990, in one of the sections of which (11.1.3) it is planned to develop and introduce measures to mitigate the negative effects of production factors in order to reduce their unfavorable effects on the cardiovascular system.

References

  1. Trakhtenberg I. M„ Faktorov I. Ye., Verin G. Ye. Khimicheskiye zagryazneniya proizvodstvennoy i okruzhayushchey sredy kak faktory riska serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevaniy//Gigiyena i sanitariya.— 1984. — № 9.—-S. 61—65.
  2. Trakhtenberg I. M., Faktorov I. Ye. Gigiyenicheskiye aspekty profilaktiki serdechno-sosudistoy patologii, obuslovlennoy khimicheskimi faktorami // Vra- cheb. delo.— 1985. — № 10.—S. 113—117.
  3. Trakhtenberg I. M„ Faktorov I. Ye. Serdechno-sosudistaya zabolevayemost' u rabotayushchikh s khimicheskimi soyedineniyami i puti pervichnoy profilaktiki // XI s"yezd gigiyenistov Ukrainskoy SSR (L'vov, 16—18 dek. 1986 g.): Tez. dokl.— K.: B. i., 1986.— S. 81—82.
  4. Faktorov I. Ye. Zabolevayemost' sredi rabochikh derevoobrabatyvayushchikh predpriyatiy boleznyami serdechno-sosudistoy sistemy II Occupational hygiene,— Vyp. 14.— 1978, —S. 31—34.