Collection Occupational hygiene, Issue 26, 1990 year
Hygienic characteristics of production factors affecting workers in animal husbandry on an industrial basis, and the state of their health
V. G. Tsapko, S. A. Mosendz, A. I. Olefir, 3. Tille, M. Wittig
doi
Kiev Research Institute of Occupational Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
Greifswald Institute for Occupational Medicine
At present, the issues of the hygienic characteristics of production factors, the determination of their influence on the organism of those working in modern technological processes of fattening cattle and pigs are becoming increasingly important. This is due to the increasing intensification of production, the acceleration of fattening, the emergence of new types of feed, and their saturation with protein substances.
We analyzed the data obtained by scientists in the USSR and the German Democratic Republic and characterizing the working environment in livestock buildings. It has been established that the typical conditions of the microclimate of livestock buildings, taking into account the time of the year, the number of animals and the amount of building material, often cannot be considered optimal in terms of temperature, mobility and air humidity. The concentration of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the air of pig and livestock facilities generally does not exceed the maximum permissible values. The level of non-toxic dust in livestock buildings, depending on the technology of the process of feeding animals, the composition of feed, the degree of mechanization of work, varies within significant limits - from 0.8-13.5 to 67.0-226.0 mg / m3. At the same time, in the premises for fattening pigs, the level of dust in the air is higher than in the premises for farrowing and keeping gilts (Table 1). A significant active principle of these aerosols is protein, the content of which ranges from 10 to 60%. One of the main biological hazards is the diverse microflora that lives in the air of livestock buildings.
We have determined that the study of the combined effect of biological, chemical and physical factors on the organism of workers in various branches of animal husbandry should be carried out taking into account the qualitative and quantitative composition of these factors, as well as the characteristics of the technology of raising and keeping animals. This makes it possible to obtain a more reliable hygienic characteristic of production factors affecting those working in animal husbandry.
References